Fórum Defesa Brasil

Lançamentos realizados em 2018.























https://www.emirates247.com/news/emirat ... 7-1.674800

A falha que ocasionou a ejeção da nave Soyuz MS-10 de seu lançador, causada por uma deformação em um sensor durante o processo de montagem em Baikonur, provocando uma explosão.

Não tenho duvidas de que estes cosmonautas passaram por maus bocados neste momento...

China unveils new 'Heavenly Palace' space station as ISS days numbered


China unveiled a partial model of its manned space station at an aerospace fair in Zhuhai

China unveiled on Tuesday a replica of its first permanently crewed space station, which would replace the international community's orbiting laboratory and symbolises the country's major ambitions beyond Earth.


The 17-metre (55-foot) core module was a star attraction at the biennial Airshow China in the southern coastal city of Zhuhai, the country's main aerospace industry exhibition.

Outside, China's J-10 fighter jet and J-20 stealth fighter wowed spectators as they zoomed across Zhuhai's sky. Back inside, the country displayed its fleet of drones and other military hardware.

Crowds gathered around the cylindrical space station module representing the living and working quarters of the Tiangong—or "Heavenly Palace"—which will also have two other modules for scientific experiments and will be equipped with solar panels.

Three astronauts will be permanently stationed in the 60-tonne orbiting lab, which will enable the crew to conduct biological and microgravity research.

Assembly is expected to be completed around 2022 and the station would have a lifespan of around 10 years.

The International Space Station—a collaboration between the United States, Russia, Canada, Europe and Japan—has been in operation since 1998 but is due to be retired in 2024.


Once the International Space Station is retired in 2024, China will be the only country with manned space station

China will then have the only space station in orbit, though it will be much smaller than the ISS which weighs 400 tonnes and is as large as a football pitch.

Billions spent

The country announced in May that the lab would be open to "all countries" to conduct science experiments.

"There is no doubt that China will use its station in a similar way as the ISS partners are using their outpost: research, technology and as a stepping-stone for deep-space exploration," said Chen Lan, analyst at GoTaikonauts.com, a website specialised in the Chinese space programme.

Research institutes, universities, and public and private companies have been invited to propose projects. Some 40 plans from 27 countries and regions have been received, according to state media.

The European Space Agency has sent astronauts to China to receive training in order to be ready to work inside the Chinese space station once it is launched.

"I'm sure over time China will be successful developing partnerships," said Bill Ostrove, space analyst with US-based Forecast International consultancy.


The 17 metre long core module will be significantly smaller than the ISS

"Many countries, and increasingly private companies and universities, have space programmes, but cannot afford to build their own space station," he said.
"The ability to put payloads and experiments on a human spaceflight platform is extremely valuable."

Beijing is pouring billions into its military-run space programme, with plans to send humans to the Moon in the near future.

Citing China as a threat, US President Donald Trump has launched plans to create a new "Space Force" to give his country dominance over rivals in space.

Diverse space market

But China's space programme has encountered some glitches.

A space lab dubbed Tiangong-1 disintegrated as it plunged back to Earth in early April, two years after it ceased functioning.


China says its space station will be open to all countries

Chinese authorities denied that the lab—which was placed in orbit in September 2011 as a testing ground for the permanent station—was out of control.

A second lab, the Tiangong-2, was launched into orbit in 2016.

"Despite a lot of talk of the opposite, the United States remains the most dominant power in space right now," Ostrove said.

"The most likely scenario for the future is that China will emerge as one of the major space powers," he said.

But Russia, the European Space Agency, Japan and India will continue to play "major roles" in space exploration, while private firms are becoming increasingly important in the sector, Ostrove added.

"The space market is becoming more diverse," he said, "so it will be difficult for one or two countries or companies to dominate the field in the way the US and Soviet Union did during the Cold War."



Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-11-china-unv ... e.html#jCp

Korea to launch small satellite this week
By Yonhap

Published : Nov 27, 2018 - 14:02
Updated : Nov 27, 2018 - 14:02

South Korea is scheduled to launch its small satellite from an Air Force base in the United States later this week, Seoul's science ministry said Tuesday.

The Ministry of Science and the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology said the Falcon 9 is scheduled to lift off at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at 3:32 a.m. (local time) on Thursday with the aim of putting the satellite, the Next Sat-1, into orbit.

The 107-kilogram satellite, developed by KAIST from 2012-2017, will travel at an altitude of 575 km above the ground for the next two years to measure space radiation and observe stars' infrared rays, it said.

The launch was earlier delayed as American rocket company SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk, extended its inspection of its two-stage rocket, the Falcon 9.

It would mark the first time for SpaceX to reuse the same rocket three times. Up until now, practically all orbital rockets were disposable, meaning the rockets were thrown away after being launched into space.

Currently, South Korea operates four satellites for weather and Earth observation. (Yonhap)

http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20181127000577

S. Korea's test-launch vehicle lifts off
General 16:20 November 28, 2018

S. Korea's test-launch vehicle lifts off S. Korea's test-launch vehicle lifts off

A single-stage rocket blasts off from the Naro Space Center in Goheung on South Korea's south coast on Nov. 28, 2018, as South Korea conducts the first test flight of its locally developed booster engine as part of a long-term effort to produce the Korea Space Launch Vehicle-2

https://en.yna.co.kr/view/PYH20181128167200315

Foi testado somente o segundo estagio do motor por 140s e altitude de 200km, depois o foguete caiu no mar, em 2021 se pretende testar um foguete com 3 estágios.

As 9 companhias privadas que a NASA contratou para regressar à Lua

A agência espacial norte-americana celebrou contratos com 9 empresas privadas para regressar à Lua e fazer dela uma área de serviço no trajeto até Marte. A SpaceX de Elon Musk não é uma delas.

A NASA revelou que contratou nove companhias privadas sediadas nos Estados Unidos para levar para o espaço cargas científicas e tecnológicas que garantam o regresso da agência espacial norte-americana à Lua. Nenhuma delas é a SpaceX de Elon Musk nem a Virgin Galactic de Richard Branson. Este é o primeiro passo sólido que a NASA torna público no projeto de regressar e ficar na Lua. Mas para o concretizar precisa das empresas aeroespaciais privadas.

A Astrobotic Technology, Inc. é especialista em robótica espacial para missões planetárias. A Deep Space Systems é especialista em desenvolvimento, integração, teste, lançamento e operação de naves espaciais de exploração humana e robótica. A Draper cria tecnologia avançada para segurança nacional, exploração espacial, energia e cuidados de saúde. A Firefly Aerospace, Inc. desenvolve veículos de lançamentos comerciais de pequeno e médio porte. A Intuitive Machines, LLC cria soluções low cost para a exploração espacial. A Lockheed Martin Space trabalha com satélites, sondas e peças de vaivéns. A Masten Space Systems, Inc. constrói sistemas de descolagem e aterragem verticais. A Moon Express tem um projeto para explorar os minerais lunares. E a Orbit Beyond é a primeira companhia privada norte-americana a ter permissão para viajar para lá da órbita terrestre em direção ao espaço profundo.


Num comunicado feito esta quinta-feira pelo administrador Jim Bridenstine, a agência pública aeroespacial confirmou que tinha celebrado contratos à luz do programa CLPS, a partir do qual a agência estabelece negócios com outras empresas para serviços de transporte de módulos lunares e rovers para a Lua. “O anúncio de hoje marca um progresso tangível no regresso dos Estados Unidos à superfície da Lua para ficar. A inovação das empresas aeroespaciais dos Estados Unidos, unida aos nossos grandes objetivos em ciência e exploração humana, vai ajudar-nos a alcançar coisas incríveis na Lua e avançar a caminho de Marte”, disse Bridenstine.

Esses contratos podem ser postos em prática já a partir do início do próximo ano. Depois, estes contratos permanecem em vigor por um prazo e quantidade de materiais indeterminados, sem que ultrapassem os 2,6 mil milhões de dólares cada um. De acordo com um comunicado de imprensa publicado pela NASA, “estas missões iniciais vão permitir importantes demonstrações de tecnologia que vão fundamentar futuros sistemas de exploração necessários para que os humanos retornem à superfície lunar e ajudem a preparar a agência para enviar astronautas para Marte”.

https://observador.pt/2018/11/29/as-9-c ... sar-a-lua/

SpaceX launches 64 satellites at once


The SpaceX Falcom 9 rocket is seen launching from California into space October 7, 2018

SpaceX launched its Falcon 9 rocket on Monday, sending an unusual payload into space—64 satellites at the same time, a US record.

And the company headed by US tech billionaire Elon Musk marked another milestone in its bid to make rockets more re-usable, like airplanes: the blast-off used a recycled booster for the third time.

California-based SpaceX has landed more than 30 of these boosters back on Earth, and has begun re-using them on subsequent missions.

In the past, companies have typically allowed rocket parts costing many millions of dollars to fall like junk into the ocean.

Monday's landing of the first stage was flawless, like many before it.

Several minutes after liftoff, the tall, white portion of the rocket—known formally as the first stage—separated from the second stage.

The booster then fired its engines and made a controlled, upright landing on a platform in the Pacific Ocean, video from SpaceX's live webcast showed.

Meanwhile, the second stage pressed deeper into space, carrying 15 micro-satellites and 49 CubeSats belonging to 34 different clients including public, private and university sources from 17 different countries including South Korea, France and Kazakhstan.

The launch was chartered by a company called Spaceflight, which specializes in space "rideshares," or putting multiple satellites on the same rocket.

Microsatellites weigh a few dozen pounds (kilograms) and CubeSats are even smaller.

The satellites will be placed into orbit over the next several hours.

Not all the clients have scientific missions.

The Nevada Museum of Art sent up a sculpture called "Orbital Reflector" by artist Trevor Paglen.

The reflective, inflatable sculpture is designed to eject from its satellite and orbit the earth "for several weeks before disintegrating upon re-entry into Earth's atmosphere," the museum said.



Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2018-12-spacex-sa ... s.html#jCp

SpaceX falha a aterragem de um Falcon 9. Foi a primeira vez nas últimas 13 tentativas

A empresa já identificou a falha e Elon Musk adiantou que o foguetão não sofreu danos substanciais.

A SpaceX não conseguiu aterrar um Falcon 9 em segurança. Esta foi a primeira tentativa mal sucedida desde que a empresa começou a reutilizar os seus foguetões.

O acidente deu-se esta quarta-feira no Cabo Canaveral, no estado da Florida, apenas sete minutos depois da descolagem. O foguetão estava ajustado para aterrar numa plataforma sólida, em terra, mas uma falha técnica fez com que se despenhasse no oceano.


De acordo com Elon Musk, a falha que provocou a queda do Falcon 9 deu-se nas pás que permitem ao foguetão ajustar a sua posição para a aterragem. O CEO da SpaceX afirma que ainda há uma hipótese de recuperar a aeronave, uma vez que os danos não foram substanciais.

Até à data, a empresa tinha tentado aterrar 12 foguetões (isto desde a primeira aterragem bem sucedida), sendo que todos eles aterraram com sucesso, ora nas plataformas flutuantes que são dispostas em alto mar, ora nos blocos de aterragem em terra firme. O recorde foi quebrado por esta ocorrência.


Note que as aterragens são uma funcionalidade secundária nos serviços da SpaceX, que tem no lançamento espacial de satélites a sua prioridade. Parte nenhuma desse processo é influenciado pelas falhas na aterragem que apenas impossibilitam a reutilização do veículo.
Neste sentido, e apesar de ter acabado mal, a missão foi bem sucedida, uma vez que a empresa conseguiu lançar carregamentos com alimentos, que têm na Estação Espacial Internacional o seu destino. A "encomenda" deverá chegar à estação no sábado.

https://tek.sapo.pt/noticias/computador ... tentativas

Foi uma belissima aterrisagem na agua.

O pessoal desse reditt zoam muito.

https://www.reddit.com/r/SpaceXMasterrace/