Eurofighter

[PRick]

Em todos os caças instáveis (estabilidade relaxada) com FBW, as superfícies aerodinâmicas irão atuar constantemente para que o piloto mantenha a autoridade sobre a aeronave. Isso é válido para o Mirage 2000, F-16, Typhoon, F-18, Rafale, Su-27, etc. Esses controles são realizados pelos computadores do FCS constantemente e são impossíveis para um ser humano. São muitas vezes imperceptíveis. Esses ajustes são fruto da necessidade que o programa de controle de vôo (desenvolvido para cada aeronave) tem para controlar a instabilidade de cada caça. Quanto maior for o grau de instabilidade mais ele atuará. E esse grau de instabilidade é ditado por cada projeto.

Quanto mais esse controle for robusto a afinado, o rendimento aerodinâmico do caça melhorará. Muitos problemas detectados no SH durante o seu desenvolvimento foram sanados posteriormente através de refinamentos no seu software de controle de vôo.

O FCS normalmente limita que o piloto ingresse em uma atitude vôo que seja fatal ou que coloque em risco a aeronave e o piloto. Se isso ocorre, é porque há uma falha nas leis que governam o FCS ou de outra natureza. Em caças mais antigos isso era tarefa do piloto e aumentava muito sua carga de trabalho, desviando sua atenção da missão.

O FBW/FCS atuais geralmente possuem redundância tripla (triplex) ou quádrupla (quadruplex).

[]s

Alguns dos textos são conhecidos, é só você jogar no buscador que irá encontrar a origem. Como falei para você, acho a configuração aerodinâmica do Rafale quase perfeita, o caça tem seus defeitos, afinal, perfeição não existe. Mas não posso dizer que exista uma diferença muito grande de performance entre o Rafale e o Typhoon. O grande fator de diferenciação entre os dois é a flexibilidade do Rafale, como ter uma versão Naval e uma versão Bi-place que serve como WSO, plenamente operacional, muitos esquecem disso, a versão de dois lugares do Typhoon é apenas para treinamento.

Quanto ao resto, não falou nada demais. Os controles automáticos estão presentes em todos os caças mais avançados, a grande diferença é que em alguns caças o piloto não tem escolha, quer dizer a arquitetura do caça não se contentou apenas que o FCS fizesse apenas o caça voar, mas ele substitui o piloto, e se isso foi feito, é porque o caça apresenta defeitos ou lacunas na atitude de voo. O SH é o maior exemplos, o FCS tem que fazer verdadeiro milagre para fazer aquilo voar.

O Rafale tem muitos modos de operação automático, inclusive um piloto automático, mas é o piloto que decide quando deve acionar eles.

[]´s

[Penguin]

O F-86 já tinha controle automático dos slats.
Se informe mais sobre os demais caças. Diversifique um pouco sua fixação com o Rafale

[]s

[PRick]

O F-86 já tinha controle automático dos slats.
Se informe mais sobre os demais caças. Diversifique um pouco sua fixação com o Rafale

[]s

Se você for ver no passado, vai encontrar caças da Segunda Guerra com alguns desses controles automáticos.

[]´s

[Penguin]

O F-86 já tinha controle automático dos slats.
Se informe mais sobre os demais caças. Diversifique um pouco sua fixação com o Rafale

[]s

Se você for ver no passado, vai encontrar caças da Segunda Guerra com alguns desses controles automáticos.

[]´s

Prick,

Adivinha qual aeronave os trechos abaixo se referem?

The fly control system, with four digital
independent channels, continuously master the
required stability for each flight phase

The DFCS is a "g" demand system with +9.0g/29° angle of attack (AoA) limit in air-to-air mode and +5.5g/20° AoA limit in both of the two air-to-ground/heavy stores modes (ST1 and ST2) to cater for forward or aft centre of gravity. The aircraft continuously "recognises" the load it carries, but indicates and leaves the final DFCS mode selection to the pilot. Minus g limit in all modes is -3.2.

[]s

[PRick]

Se você for ver no passado, vai encontrar caças da Segunda Guerra com alguns desses controles automáticos.

[]´s

Prick,

Adivinha qual aeronave os trechos abaixo se referem?

The fly control system, with four digital
independent channels, continuously master the
required stability for each flight phase

The DFCS is a "g" demand system with +9.0g/29° angle of attack (AoA) limit in air-to-air mode and +5.5g/20° AoA limit in both of the two air-to-ground/heavy stores modes (ST1 and ST2) to cater for forward or aft centre of gravity. The aircraft continuously "recognises" the load it carries, but indicates and leaves the final DFCS mode selection to the pilot. Minus g limit in all modes is -3.2.

[]s

São exatamente esses limites que podem ser quebrados caso o piloto comande, nesses casos o Rafale foi levado a mais de 32 graus e 11 g´s. Do mesmo modo chegou a 100 graus de AoA instantâneo.

[]´s

[Penguin]

Interessante slide postado por um forista no The Aviation Forum:

There are different performance metrics which can be used to define airframe agility but probably the most relevant here is longitudinal agility measured by the rate of change of acceleration/load factor, or G-onset rate the aircraft is capable of achieving. The F-16 is an agile aircraft by any standard and is capable of achieving an onset rate of up to 5 g/sec, or in other words it can reach 9G in a around 1.8 seconds, sufficient to induce an immediate loss of conciousness in an unprotected pilot. The Typhoon by comparison can achieve a G-onset rate of 15G per second, so it will reach 9G in just just over half a second or at three times the rate of the already highly agile F-16.

http://forum.keypublishing.co.uk/showth ... 39&page=15

[Penguin]

November 2008 Aerospace International

Eagles’ nest JG 74 on alert
As more and more Eurofighters enter squadron service across Europe, TIM ROBINSON visits Neuburg air base in southern Germany where the Luftwaffe’s Jagdgeschwader (Fighter Wing) 74 is on 24/7 standby for NATO in the
Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) role.

http://www.raes.org.uk/pdfs/AI_0811.pdf

(...)
Besting the Rafale

Speaking of the Eurofighters close-in combat
prowess, Major Marc Grüne, CO of 742
(Zapata), the second squadron of the wing,
described to assembled aviation journalists
how, on a recent visit to France to demo the
aircraft, he had won ‘two out of two’ battles
against the Dassault Rafale in mock withinvisual
range dogfights. Both fights were a ‘standard set-up’
and merge at 21,000ft and 30,000ft he recounted,
adding that the “higher the fight the better the
Eurofighter liked it”.
He singled out the Eurofighter’s excess power as its
trump card over the Rafale in this admittedly
‘controlled’ test but did concede that the
Rafale’s EW systems would be highly effective
in a real conflict situation. He also noted that
the Rafale was able to keep control at lower
speeds — due to the ‘automatic’ pull-out and
recovery system that the Eurofighter is
equipped with and which takes control away
from the pilot if it thinks a departure or stall is
imminent. Despite this and the artificial nature
of this mock dogfight, the Eurofighter team
can be rightly satisfied that the aircraft is now
although receiving a mixed reception among
pilots, he finds extremely useful for non-critical
flight functions. Each pilot records an individual
profile of standard vocabulary and this is
uploaded with the mission planning in a card
before take-off. Once airborne, the aircraft’s
DVI is able to be commanded verbally to ‘show
fuel’ or ‘show Hyd’(raulics) which brings up the
relevant pages on the multi-function displays.
This leaves the hands free for the HOTAS,
aiding situational awareness and, in common
with the Eurofighter’s design philosophy is
aimed at making the aircraft as ‘easy’ to fly as
possible. This leaves the pilot to concentrate on
the mission.
(...)

[soultrain]

Nessa altura os Rafale estavam operacionais em esquadrões de ataque, ainda sem grande doutrina ar-ar, é preciso dizer para ser justo.

[Penguin]

Eurofighter and Euroradar Confirm 2015 Entry Into Service Target Date for the Typhoon New Generation E-Scan Radar


(Source: Eurofighter GmbH; issued June 22, 2011)

After one year of industry funding, the Eurofighter and Euroradar consortia have received renewed strong support from the Partner Nations and have agreed to continue the full scale development programme of the next generation E-Scan radar, confirming the 2015 entry into service date.

Supported by the Eurofighter partner nations, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany and Spain, Eurofighter GmbH and Euroradar began full scale development of the new CAPTOR-E radar in July 2010.

The new radar will have AESA capability that far exceeds any other radar available today and in the foreseeable future and will be developed to satisfy the requirements of the Partner Nations and customers across the globe.

The new radar will retain the key features of the existing market leading Captor-M radar in order to exploit the maturity of the current system, using latest generation technology to provide further advanced performance. The Typhoon’s AESA radar will offer a variety of benefits over M-Scan, including increased detection and tracking ranges, advanced air-to-surface capability and enhanced electronic protection measures.

The new AESA array, larger than the ones available to our competitors thanks to the Typhoon’s voluminous radome, will be fitted on a repositioner that will provide a wider field of regard when compared to those installed or scheduled for introduction on other fighters.

The new radar will offer customers the freedom to retrofit their existing Typhoons when required. The radar will have significant growth potential and both existing and new customers will be able to participate in tailoring the radar to meet their individual operational requirements.

The new AESA Radar is part of the platform and systems enhancement ongoing with Eurofighter to ensure Typhoon leads the way as the world’s best new generation multi-role combat aircraft.'

BACKGROUND NOTES:
Eurofighter Typhoon is the world's most advanced new generation real multi-role/swing-role combat aircraft available on the market and has been ordered by six nations (Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Austria and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia).

With 707 aircraft under contract, it is Europe’s largest military collaborative programme and delivers leading-edge technology, strengthening Europe’s aerospace industry in the global competition. More than 100,000 jobs in 400 companies are secured by the programme.

Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH manages the programme on behalf of the Eurofighter Partner Companies: Alenia Aeronautica/Finmeccanica, BAE Systems, EADS CASA and EADS Deutschland, Europe’s foremost aerospace companies with a total turnover of approx. EUR120 billion (2010).

-ends-

[Penguin]

Paris Air Show - Day 4

http://www.eurofighter.com/eurofighter- ... -blog.html

Thuersday 23.06.2011

Funnily enough, Eurofighter’s competitors seem to be a bit nervous, and probably, also a bit worried about the achievements of the Typhoon which are proving to the markets the aircraft’s real weight.

Yesterday's news about the signing of the Letter of Intent between the fourpartner nations, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany and Spain, with Eurofighter and Euroradar consortiums to confirm the 2015 entry into service date of the next generation E-Scan radar of the Typhoon probably ruined the dreams of the French aerospaceindustry who have made some impolite claims about supposed superiority of their technology and programme management capabilities during this year’s show.

With Thales claiming to be five years more advanced in AESA radar technology than its competitors with its future Rafale radar and with Dassault claiming that the Eurofighter programme is an example of incompetencies, the French look to be on the defensive.

For a programme like Eurofighter which has a huge economic impact in the four partner nations with 100,000 long-term jobs secured, 400 large, medium and small companies participating in the programme, 280 aircraft delivered (just six less than the total number of Rafale planned - but not ordered yet – and to be produced in total!) from a planned 707, six air force customers included two export nations, in-service in 16 units across Europe, Asia and South America, 120,000 flying hours flown, and total operational and combat proven as multi-role platform, these claims by the French look to be more a sign of weakness than of strength.

Also, from the other side of the pond some badly managed moves by an American competitor emerged when the news surfaced yesterday about Lockheed Martin set to return in the race for the $11 billion medium multi-role combat aircraft (MMRCA) deal. “No plan to buy F-35”, Indian Governmen MoD spokesperson Sitanshu Kaur denied any backdoor entry for the F-35 in the shortlisted MMRCA deal. He is quoted by Indian media as saying: “We have progressed a lot in the MMRCA programme. We have crossed a lot of stages that have become part of history.” So, no JSF for India, no marketing leading radar for Thales and no satisfaction for a programme like the Rafale that should concentrate on delivering a better return to the French taxpayer than on attacking its competitors.

[PRick]

Os caras estão desesperados e ficam dizendo que são os outros, eu gostaria de saber como alguém pode confirmar uma data futura de 04 anos!! Isso não é confirmação, mas propaganda, eu posso confirmar uma data de algo que já existe e está para ser executado, agora, confirmar algo para daqui a 04 anos é realmente incrível.

Mas como conhecemos a máfia anglo-saxã, isso é digno desse pessoal.

[]´s

[AlbertoRJ]

Vamos ver se cumprem com a data, principalmente se não vencerem o MRCA.

[]'s

[Penguin]

Eurofighter Unveils Future Roadmap For Typhoon
http://livefist.blogspot.com/2011/06/eu ... p-for.html

[Penguin]

Praetorian Defensive Aids Suite background information
http://www.selex-sas.com/EN/Common/file ... torian.pdf

Praetorian is an integral part of the Eurofighter Typhoon’s fighting equipment, providing
comprehensive protection and an important contribution to the platform’s situational
awareness capability. Created specifically for use aboard the four-nation Eurofighter
Typhoon multirole combat aircraft, the Praetorian Electonic Warfare (EW) suite is designed
to provide its host platform with protection against air-to-air and surface-to-air threats. 360°
cover is provided, with the system carrying out threat detection and evaluation before
automatically activating a countermeasure response.

SELEX Galileo leads the EuroDASS consortium which is responsible for the design,
development and supply of Praetorian as the Typhoon’s combat effective defensive aids
suite. The consortium also includes Elettronica of Italy, INDRA of Spain and EADS of
Germany.

A Proven Product
Praetorian is fitted internally to the Typhoon aircraft, providing spherical threat warning and
protection against air to air and surface to air threats without the need to carry flight profilelimiting pods. Enhanced survivability is achieved through a comprehensive set of self
defence sensors and countermeasures which detect and evaluate potential threats at
maximum range and automatically deploy the most effective countermeasures.

The Electronic Support Measures (ESM) and Laser Warner together with the active Missile
Approach Warner (MAW) work together with the Eurofighter Typhoon’s on board sensing
systems to give timely warning and identification of threats to the user.

The Electronic Countermeasures System (ECM) works automatically by activating the most
suitable on or off board counter to the threat while the information is displayed graphically on
the cockpit multi function displays. This allows the pilot a further option of manoeuvre or
manual override.

The ECM incorporates Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) technology and provides a
comprehensive range coherent and non coherent jamming techniques.

Praetorian features innovative active off board countermeasures, a system which includes
two Towed Decoys and provides a unique ability for decoys to be deployed and operate over
any part of the platform’s flight envelope, including manoeuvres under full power and high ‘g’.
Passive countermeasures include a range of ‘Chaff’ and ‘Flare’ payloads.

Praetorian’s system Mission Dependent Data is fully user programmable to ensure complete
national control of the Electronic Warfare (EW) software library content.

The system is designed to support future growth modification thus ensuring protection for
Eurofighter through the 21st Century.


Product attributes
• Advanced Electronic Surveillance Measures (ESM) receiver for high pulse density
environments
• Optimum selection of on and off-board RF jamming and expendables
• Compact high sensitivity laser warning receiver
• Fully integrated self protection system
• Advanced integration techniques
• Missile warning using pulse doppler technology

Product Features
• Electronic Support Measures
• Spherical sensor coverage Effective threat identification in high-density environment
for automatic initiation of countermeasures Target identification with High Accuracy Direction
Finding
• Electronic Countermeasures
• Fully integrated ESM/ECM Comprehensive range of DRFM based coherent and non
coherent ECM techniques including anti monopulse.
• On board and off board countermeasures
• Phased Array Active Onboard Countermeasures
• Missile Approach Warner
• Long detection range both forward and rear for effective deployment of
countermeasures Low false alarm rate using proven clutter rejection techniques
• Laser Warning Receiver
• Broad spectral response Low profile contact passive sensor heads Fibre optic
coupling High immunity to electro magnetic interface Reprogrammable central processor
Exceptionally low false alarm rate

Texto interessante publicado no Keypublishing Forun:



Cutaway of DASS pod with only the forward AESA antenna shown.

[Paisano]